Through In Vitro Gametogenesis — Young Stem Cells

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Published: 2025-07-09
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15849419
Keywords:
gametogenesis, in vitro, stem cells, centrioles, reprogramming, reproduction , rejuvenation

Main Article Content

Jaba Tkemaladze
Longevity Clinic
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8651-7243

Abstract

In vitro gametogenesis (IVG) represents a groundbreaking technology that opens new horizons in reproductive and regenerative medicine. Recent advancements enable the direct reprogramming of somatic cells into germline cells, bypassing the pluripotency stage, which reduces the risk of genetic abnormalities and accelerates the process. The key stages of IVG include the induction of primordial germ cell-like cells (PGCLCs), differentiation into mature gametes, and the formation of functional germ cells under controlled conditions. The primary signaling pathways involved in this process are BMP, WNT, and retinoic acid, which regulate initiation, proliferation, and meiotic entry. To accurately replicate the gonadal microenvironment, researchers employ 3D cultures, organoid systems, and microfluidic devices. Despite significant progress, the efficiency and quality of in vitro-derived gametes still fall short of their natural counterparts. Future developments in this technology hinge on optimizing differentiation protocols, leveraging single-cell technologies, integrating genome editing, and establishing international standards. Additionally, IVG holds promise for systemic rejuvenation by replacing aged stem cells with young ones derived from reprogrammed cells. Ethical and regulatory concerns remain pressing, particularly regarding artificial embryo creation and potential social inequalities. IVG has the potential to become a cornerstone technology in treating aging, extending healthy lifespan, addressing age-related diseases, and overcoming infertility.

Article Details

Issue

Vol. 1 No. 3 (2025)

Section

Reviews and Perspectives
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Articles published in Longevity Horizon fall under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). This means authors retain their copyright while granting the journal the right to be the first publisher. Readers are permitted to share and distribute the work as long as proper credit is given. However, the content may not be altered, modified, or used for commercial purposes.

Author Biography

Jaba Tkemaladze, Longevity Clinic

Dr Jaba Tkemaladze is a Professor, a Scientist, and a President of Longevity Alliance Georgia.

Research Director at Longevity Clinic.

Replacing old adult stem cells with induced and safe young adult stem cells.

World-renowned scientist. Developed the Centriolar theory of differentiation and the Centriolar theory of organism ageing. With acquired experience in both academia and industry.

Training in medicine at Tbilisi State Medical University and then at the Psychiatry Research Institute further deepened my knowledge in the laboratory of the Institute of Morphology. Namely, combined experimental and computational methods to study the ageing process and the various ways of manipulating age-related diseases and improvement of human health.

Also served as a Scientific Advisory Board Member in Georgia's Ministry of Defense and Longevity Alliance. Published over 50 scientific articles, given over 100 invited talks and received several awards.

His Rejuvenation Formula: Rejuvenation = Replacement of Old Centrioles with Young Ones.

How to Cite

Tkemaladze, J. (2025). Through In Vitro Gametogenesis — Young Stem Cells. Longevity Horizon, 1(3). DOI:https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15849419
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