Anatomy, Biogenesis, and Role in Cell Biology of Centrioles

Abstract

Centrioles are essential cellular organelles that play a key role in cell division, cytoskeletal organization, and microtubule dynamics. Their unique structure and ability to self-replicate make centrioles indispensable for the regulation of cellular processes. This article focuses on the anatomy of centrioles, their biogenesis, and their role in cell biology. The first part of the study describes the structural features of centrioles, including the ninefold symmetry that forms the foundation of their morphology. Special attention is given to centriole biogenesis, covering processes such as the initiation of assembly, the establishment of ninefold symmetry, microtubule assembly, and elongation. Mechanisms of temporal regulation, length control, and the formation of the distal end are also discussed. Additionally, the article examines centriole maturation processes and their functional significance in the context of the cell cycle, cell polarity, and intracellular transport. The presented data are based on a review of contemporary studies, including structural models and biochemical mechanisms. This work highlights the importance of centrioles for understanding fundamental cellular biology processes and provides a foundation for further research into their roles in health and disease.